SportLogia
          Vol. 18, Issue 1, december 2022.
      
ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS AND AGILITY OF  WHEELCHAIR BASKETBALL PLAYERS : DIFFERENCES AND RELATIONSHIP WITH FUNCTIONAL  CLASSIFICATION
      
Tijana Stojanović1  , Marko Zadražnik2, Danijel Božić3,                                                                            
        Aleksandra Aleksić  Veljković1, Andrea Marković1 & Aleksandar Stamenković1
        1University  of Niš, Faculty of sport and physical education, Serbia
        2 University of Ljublјana, Faculty of sport, Slovenia
        3 University of Banja Luka, Faculty of physical education and sport, Bosna  & Herzegovina      
 Original scientific  article
doi:  10.5550/sgia.221801.en.szba 
Udc:796.323.2-056.26 
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine: (1) differences in anthropometric characteristics and agility between different functional classes of wheelchair basketball players and (2) the relationship between anthropometric characteristics and agility with the functional classification of wheelchair basketball players. The sample of participants consisted of 40 wheelchair basketball players, aged 33.9 ± 11.2 years. Anthropometric characteristics (longitudinal and circular dimensions, as well as skinfold thickness) were assessed, and agility was measured using the modified T-test and Figure-of-Eight test. The results of the one-way analysis of variance showed significant differences with very large effects between players of different functional classes in body mass, sitting height, and sitting reach height, while significant differences with large effects were recorded in the agility assessment tests: the T-test and the Figure-of-Eight test. Also, the results of the correlation analysis indicate that there are significant moderate positive correlations of sitting height and reaching height with functional classification.
        Key words: disability, t-test, sports, motor skills, athletes.
        References
Brasile,  F. M. (1990). Performance evaluation of wheelchair athletes: More than a  disability classification level issue. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly,  7(4), 289-2297. https://doi.org/10.1123/apaq.7.4.289 
Buchholz,  A. C., & Bugaresti, J. M. (2005). A review of body mass index and waist  circumference as markers of obesity and coronary heart disease risk in persons  with chronic spinal cord injury. Spinal cord, 43(9),  513-518. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.sc.3101744
PMid:15824757 
Cavedon, V., Zancanaro, C., & Milanese, C. (2015). Physique  and performance of young wheelchair basketball players in relation with  classification. PloS one, 10(11), e0143621. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143621
PMid:26606681 PMCid:PMC4659662 
Cavedon, V., Zancanaro, C., & Milanese, C. (2018). Anthropometry,  body composition, and performance in sport-specific field test in female  wheelchair basketball players. Frontiers in Physiology, 9,  568. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00568
PMid:29899703 PMCid:PMC5989316 
Ceruso, R., D'Isanto, T., Altavilla, G., Esposito, G., Di Domenico, F.,  & D'Elia, F. (2022). Functional classification and performance in  wheelchair basketball. Studia sportiva, 16(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.5817/StS2022-1-3 
Cohen,  J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for  the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Croft, L.,  Lenton, J., Tolfrey, K., & Goosey-Tolfrey, V. (2013). The effects of  experience on the energy cost of wheelchair propulsion. European  journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 49(6),  865-873.
Davis, G. M. (1993). Exercise capacity of individuals with paraplegia. Medicine  and science in sports and exercise, 25(4), 423-432. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199304000-00004
PMid:8479296 
de Groot,  S., Balvers, I. J., Kouwenhoven, S. M., & Janssen, T. W. (2012). Validity  and reliability of tests determining performance-related components of  wheelchair basketball. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(9), 879-887. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.675082
PMid:22489567 
Frogley,  M. (2010). Wheelchair Basketball. In V. Goosey-Tolfrey (Ed.), Wheelchair  sports, a complete guide for athletes, coaches and teachers (pp. 120-132).  Champaign, Il: Human Kinetics. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781718209305.ch-008 
Gil, S. M., Yanci, J., Otero, M., Olasagasti, J., Badiola, A.,  Bidaurrazaga-Letona, I., ... & Granados, C. (2015). The functional  classification and field test performance in wheelchair basketball  players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 46, 219-230. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0050 PMid:26240665 PMCid:PMC4519213 
Iturricastillo, A., Garcia-Tabar, I., Reina, R., Garcia-Fresneda, A.,  Carmona, G., Perez-Tejero, J., & Yanci, J. (2021). Influence of upper-limb  muscle strength on the repeated change of direction ability in  international-level wheelchair basketball players. Research in Sports  Medicine, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2021.1888110
PMid:33596718 
International Wheelchair Basketball Federation. (2021). Who we are. Retrieved from https://iwbf.org/about-us/who-we-are/ 
International Wheelchair Basketball Federation. (2018). IWBF Offcial Player Classification Manual  2018. Retrieved from https://iwbf.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Official-Player-Classification-Manual-2018.pdf 
Kozomara, G., Petrovic, P., Nikolic, G., Jorgic, B., Kocic, M., &  Aleksandrovic, M. (2019). The effects of preparation period on motor skills of  wheelchair basketball players: a pilot study. Journal of Anthropology  of Sport and Physical Education, 3(4), 11-14. https://doi.org/10.26773/jaspe.191003 
Laughton,  G.E., Buchholz, A.C., Martin Ginis, K.A., Goy, R.E. (2009). Lowering body mass  index cutoffs better identifies obese persons with spinal cord injury. Spinal  Cord, 47(10), 757–762. https://doi.org/10.1038/sc.2009.33
PMid:19350042 
Molik, B., Laskin, J. J., Kosmol, A., Skucas, K., & Bida, U. (2010).  Relationship between functional classification levels and anaerobic performance  of wheelchair basketball athletes. Research Quarterly for Exercise and  Sport, 81(1), 69-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2010.10599629
https://doi.org/10.5641/027013610X13352775119718
PMid:20387400 
Rice, I.,  Hettinga, F. J., Laferrier, J., Sporner, M. L., Heiner, C. M., Burkett, B.,  & Cooper, R. A. (2011). Biomechanics. In Y. C. Vanlandewijck & W. R.  Thompson (Eds.), The paralympic athlete (pp. 33-50). West Sussex, UK:  Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444328356.ch2 
Tachibana, K., Mutsuzaki, H., Shimizu, Y., Hotta, K., & Wadano, Y.  (2019). Influence of functional classification on skill tests in elite female  wheelchair basketball athletes. Medicina, 55(11), 740. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55110740
PMid:31731714 PMCid:PMC6915443 
Vanlandewijck, Y. C., Daly, D. J., &  Theisen, D. M. (1999). Field test evaluation of aerobic, anaerobic, and  wheelchair basketball skill performances. International journal of  sports medicine, 20(08), 548-554. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-1999-9465
PMid:10606220 
Vanlandewijck,  Y. C., Theisen, D., & Daly, D. (2001). Wheelchair propulsion biomechanics:  implications for wheelchair sports. Sports Medicine, 31(5), 339-367. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200131050-00005
PMid:11347685 
World Medical Association (2013). World Medical  Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research  involving human subjects. Jama, 310(20), 2191-2194. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053
PMid:24141714 
Yanci, J., Granados, C., Otero, M., Badiola, A., Olasagasti, J.,  Bidaurrazaga-Letona, I., ... & Gil, SM (2015). Sprint, agility,  strength and endurance capacity in wheelchair basketball players. Biology  of Sport, 32 (1), 71-78. https://doi.org/10.5604/20831862.1127285
PMid:25729153 PMCid:PMC4314607
Zacharakis, E.  (2020). The effect of upper limb characteristics on palm strength, anaerobic  power, and technical skills of wheelchair basketball players of varying  classification. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(2),  584-591
To cite this  article: 
      Stojanović,  T., Zadražnik, M., Božić, D., Veljković, A, Marković, A., & Stamenković, A.  (2022). Anthropometric characteristics and agility of wheelchair basketball  players : differences and relationship with functional classification. Sportlogia, 18 (1), 68-77.  https://doi.org/10.5550/sgia.221801.en.szba
Received: 19.10.2022.
        Approved: 06.12.2022.
Corresponding  author: 
        Stojanović  Tijana 
        University of Niš, 
        Faculty of sport  and physical education, Serbia 
        E-mail: tiki92_nis@hotmail.com




